Medical experts, including Dr. Surender Kumar Dabas of Manipal Hospital, warn that lung cancer is increasingly affecting non-smokers due to environmental and genetic factors.
The World Health Organization classifies particulate matter like PM2.5, found in vehicle exhaust and industrial emissions, as carcinogenic, noting it can cause DNA damage over decades.
Genetic mutations and exposure to second-hand smoke are identified as critical risk factors, with molecular testing now enabling targeted therapies for patients without a history of tobacco use.